Perennial woody shrub. Tough, drought-tolerant, cold hardy nitrogen fixer prefers full sun and dry to mesic, fast-draining soil of forest margins, roadsides or waste places. In the fall to early spring, scarify seeds vigorously on sandpaper (or rock), then barely cover, tamp securely and keep cool/moist until germ, which occurs within 3 months. Or, scarify and give 30 days cold/moist, then sow warm.

Open pollinated, organic

Perennial butterfly attractor. Plant prefers full sun, regular garden soil of poor soil. Sow the seeds in the early spring when the soil is cold or give 2 weeks cold, moist conditioning and then sow warm. Taprooted plants are best direct seeded in the garden. Thin to 6 inches apart.

Open pollinated, organic